Applies from 18 Feb 2027

The EU battery
passport

From 18 February 2027, every electric vehicle battery, LMT battery and industrial battery with a capacity above 2 kWh placed on the EU market must have a battery passport. The obligation comes from Regulation (EU) 2023/1542, Article 77, not from ESPR, and it applies directly in all member states without national transposition.

This is the first mandatory Digital Product Passport in the EU.

Which batteries need one

  • EV batteries

    All, regardless of capacity.

  • LMT batteries

    Light means of transport: e-bikes, scooters.

  • Industrial batteries

    Above 2 kWh, including stationary storage.

Portable consumer batteries are not covered by the passport requirement.

The obligation sits with the economic operator placing the battery on the market. An importer bringing in cells or packs made outside the EU carries it, not the foreign manufacturer.

What goes in a battery passport

The passport is not static. Performance and durability data must be kept current through the battery’s operating life, which makes the update path as important as the initial creation. Some data points still depend on EU acts that are not final: the carbon footprint calculation rules have not been adopted yet, supply chain due diligence obligations apply from 18 August 2027, and the implementing act on who can access which data is expected in late 2026. The Commission’s battery passport guidance of August 2026 lists the expected data points.

Illustration of a battery, representing the data a battery passport must carry
  • Battery chemistry and composition, including hazardous substances
  • Carbon footprint over the life cycle
  • Recycled content for cobalt, lithium, lead and nickel
  • Capacity, performance and expected lifetime
  • State of health and state of charge, updated over the battery's life
  • Due diligence on the supply chain
  • Dismantling and recycling information

Access model

Who sees what

  1. Public layer Anyone with the code
  2. Restricted Repair & repurposing operators
  3. Restricted Recyclers
  4. Authorities Market Surveillance

The public layer is open to anyone with the code. Deeper layers are restricted: repair and repurposing operators, recyclers, and market surveillance authorities each see a different view of the same record.

Deadline 18 Feb 2027

What to do before February 2027

  1. Today
  2. Next
  3. Then
  4. Before launch
  5. Ongoing

  • Identify which of your products cross the 2 kWh line

  • Ask cell suppliers for carbon footprint and recycled content data.

  • Decide who inside your company owns passport data quality.

  • Prepare to register as an economic operator in the EU DPP Registry, which has been live since 20 July 2026, following the Commission’s current guidance for batteries.

  • Set the update cadence for state-of-health data.

Start before the deadline sets your timeline

DPPVIEW prepares battery passport data with GS1 Digital Link identifiers and EN 18220 conformant QR carriers. Our hosting platform is in development. Hosting terms, including how long passports stay available, will be published when it is ready.

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